Numerical Simulation of Forced Convection Heat Transfer in Pipe using Different Nanoparticles

Abstract

Much industrial heating and cooling systems rely heavily on heat transfer convection. Heat convection can be massively enhanced by adding well-suspended metal nanoparticles to the water. Using Computational Fluid Dynamics, this study analyses heat transfer turbulence of Al₂O₃ nanofluids in a circular pipe under a constant heat flow (CFD). The convective heat-transfer coefficient, Nusselt number, and friction factor of a nanofluid are studied as a function of Reynolds number and particle volume per cent. Volume fractions of 0.5, 1.0, and 2.0 per cent are found in Al₂O₃ nanoparticles, with a range of Reynolds number of 6000 to 12000. The numerical findings indicated that nanofluids had a better convective thermal performance than the base fluid by 11.8 per cent, and the heat transfer improvement rises by particle Reynolds number and volume concentration. The results showed that the current numerical results are very similar to the prior ones.